xwords/relay/cref.cpp

/* -*-mode: C; fill-column: 78; c-basic-offset: 4; -*- */

/* 
 * Copyright 2005 by Eric House (fixin@peak.org).  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
 */

#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <assert.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#include "cref.h"
#include "xwrelay.h"
#include "mlock.h"
#include "tpool.h"
#include "states.h"

using namespace std;

static CookieMap gCookieMap;
pthread_rwlock_t gCookieMapRWLock = PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;

pthread_mutex_t g_IdsMutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

CookieID CookieRef::ms_nextConnectionID = 1000;

/* static */ CookieRef*
CookieRef::AddNew( string s, CookieID id )
{
    RWWriteLock rwl( &gCookieMapRWLock );
    CookieRef* ref = new CookieRef( s, id );
    gCookieMap.insert( pair<CookieID, CookieRef*>(ref->GetCookieID(), ref ) );
    logf( "paired cookie %s with id %d", s.c_str(), ref->GetCookieID() );
    return ref;
}

/* static */ void
CookieRef::Delete( CookieID id )
{
    CookieRef* cref = get_cookieRef( id );
    if ( cref != NULL ) {
        delete cref;
    }
}

/* static */ void
CookieRef::Delete( const char* name )
{
    CookieID id = CookieIdForName( name );
    Delete( id );
} /* Delete */

CookieID
CookieIdForName( const char* name )
{
    CookieRef* ref = NULL;
    string s(name);

    RWReadLock rwl( &gCookieMapRWLock );

    CookieMap::iterator iter = gCookieMap.begin();
    while ( iter != gCookieMap.end() ) {
        ref = iter->second;
        if ( ref->Name() == s && ref->NotFullyConnected() ) {
            return ref->GetCookieID();
        }
        ++iter;
    }
    return 0;
} /* CookieIdForName */

void
CheckHeartbeats( time_t now, vector<int>* sockets )
{
    logf( "CheckHeartbeats" );
    RWReadLock rwl( &gCookieMapRWLock );
    CookieMap::iterator iter = gCookieMap.begin();
    while ( iter != gCookieMap.end() ) {
        CookieRef* ref = iter->second;
        ref->CheckHeartbeats( now, sockets );
        ++iter;
    }
    logf( "CheckHeartbeats done" );
} /* CheckHeartbeats */

/* [Re]connecting.  If there was a game in progress and this host disconnected
 * briefly then we can just reconnect.  Otherwise we have to create just as if
 * it were a from-scratch connect, but without choosing the CookieID.
 */
CookieRef* 
get_make_cookieRef( const char* cookie, CookieID cookieID ) 
{
    /* start with the cookieID if it's set */
    CookieRef* cref = cookieID == 0 ? NULL: get_cookieRef( cookieID );

    if ( cref == NULL ) {       /* need to keep looking? */

        CookieID newId = CookieIdForName( cookie );
    
        if ( newId == 0 ) {     /* not in the system */
            cref = CookieRef::AddNew( string(cookie), cookieID );
        } else {
            cref = get_cookieRef( newId );
        }
    }

    return cref;
}

CookieRef* 
get_cookieRef( CookieID cookieID )
{
    CookieRef* ref = NULL;
    RWReadLock rwl( &gCookieMapRWLock );

    CookieMap::iterator iter = gCookieMap.find( cookieID);
    while ( iter != gCookieMap.end() ) {
        CookieRef* sec = iter->second;
        if ( sec->GetCookieID() == cookieID ) {
            ref = sec;
            break;
        }
        ++iter;
    }
    return ref;
} /* get_cookieRef */

static void
ForgetCref( CookieRef* cref )
{
    RWWriteLock ml( &gCookieMapRWLock );

    CookieMap::iterator iter = gCookieMap.begin();
    while ( iter != gCookieMap.end() ) {
        CookieRef* ref = iter->second;
        if ( ref == cref ) {
            logf( "erasing cref" );
            gCookieMap.erase( iter );
            break;
        }
        ++iter;
    }
    assert( iter != gCookieMap.end() ); /* didn't find it */
}

class SocketStuff {
 public:
    SocketStuff( pthread_t id, CookieRef* cref )
        : m_threadID(id), 
        m_cref(cref)
        {        
            pthread_mutex_init( &m_writeMutex, NULL );
        }
    ~SocketStuff() { pthread_mutex_destroy( &m_writeMutex ); }
    pthread_t m_threadID;
    CookieRef* m_cref;
    pthread_mutex_t m_writeMutex; /* so only one thread writes at a time */
};

SocketMap SocketMgr::ms_SocketStuff;
pthread_mutex_t SocketMgr::ms_SocketStuffMutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

/* static */ void
SocketMgr::Associate( int socket, CookieRef* cref )
{
    logf( "ms_SocketStuffMutex=%x", &ms_SocketStuffMutex );
    MutexLock ml( &ms_SocketStuffMutex );
    SocketMap::iterator iter = ms_SocketStuff.find( socket );
    if ( iter == ms_SocketStuff.end() ) {
        logf( "replacing existing cref/threadID pair for socket %d", socket );
    }
    
    pthread_t self = pthread_self();
    
    SocketStuff* stuff = new SocketStuff( self, cref );
    ms_SocketStuff.insert( pair< int, SocketStuff* >( socket, stuff ) );
} /* Associate */

/*static*/ CookieRef*
SocketMgr::CookieRefForSocket( int socket )
{
    MutexLock ml( &ms_SocketStuffMutex );

    SocketMap::iterator iter = ms_SocketStuff.find( socket );
    if ( iter != ms_SocketStuff.end() ) {
        SocketStuff* stuff = iter->second;
        return stuff->m_cref;
    }
    return NULL;
}

/* static */ pthread_mutex_t*
SocketMgr::GetWriteMutexForSocket( int socket )
{
    MutexLock ml( &ms_SocketStuffMutex );
    SocketMap::iterator iter = ms_SocketStuff.find( socket );
    if ( iter != ms_SocketStuff.end() ) {
        SocketStuff* stuff = iter->second;
        return &stuff->m_writeMutex;
    }
    assert( 0 );
}

/* static */ void
SocketMgr::RemoveSocketRefs( int socket )
{
    CookieRef* cref = CookieRefForSocket( socket );
    if ( cref != NULL ) {
        MutexLock ml( &ms_SocketStuffMutex );
        SocketMap::iterator iter = ms_SocketStuff.find( socket );
        assert( iter != ms_SocketStuff.end() );
        delete iter->second;
        ms_SocketStuff.erase( iter );

        cref->Remove( socket );
    } else {
        logf( "socket already dead" );
    }
} /* RemoveSocketRefs */

/* static */ void
SocketMgr::PrintSocketInfo( int socket, string& out )
{
    CookieRef* me = SocketMgr::CookieRefForSocket( socket );
    assert( me );

    char buf[64];

    snprintf( buf, sizeof(buf), "* socket: %d\n", socket );
    out += buf;

    snprintf( buf, sizeof(buf), "  in cookie: %s\n", me->Name().c_str() );
    out += buf;
}


/* static */ SocketsIterator 
SocketMgr::MakeSocketsIterator()
{
    SocketsIterator iter( ms_SocketStuff.begin() );
    return iter;
}

/*****************************************************************************
 * SocketsIterator class
 *****************************************************************************/

SocketsIterator::SocketsIterator( SocketMap::iterator iter )
    : m_iter( iter )
{
}

int
SocketsIterator::Next()
{
    int socket = m_iter->first;
    ++m_iter;
    return socket;
}

/*****************************************************************************
 * CookieRef class
 *****************************************************************************/

CookieRef::CookieRef( string s, CookieID id )
    : m_name(s)
    , m_totalSent(0)
    , m_curState(XW_ST_INITED)
{
    pthread_rwlock_init( &m_sockets_rwlock, NULL );
    pthread_mutex_init( &m_EventsMutex, NULL );

    if ( id == 0 ) {
        MutexLock ml( &g_IdsMutex );
        m_connectionID = ms_nextConnectionID++; /* needs a mutex!!! */
    } else {
        m_connectionID = id;
    }
}

CookieRef::~CookieRef()
{
    /* get rid of any sockets still contained */
    XWThreadPool* tPool = XWThreadPool::GetTPool();

    for ( ; ; ) {
        RWWriteLock rwl( &m_sockets_rwlock );
        map<HostID,HostRec>::iterator iter = m_hostSockets.begin();

        if ( iter == m_hostSockets.end() ) {
            break;
        }

        int socket = iter->second.m_socket;
        tPool->CloseSocket( socket );
        m_hostSockets.erase( iter );
    }

    pthread_rwlock_destroy( &m_sockets_rwlock );
    logf( "CookieRef for %d being deleted", m_connectionID );
}

void
CookieRef::Connect( int socket, HostID srcID )
{
    SocketMgr::Associate( socket, this );

    MutexLock ml( &m_EventsMutex );
    pushConnectEvent( socket, srcID );
    handleEvents();
}

int
CookieRef::SocketForHost( HostID dest )
{
    int socket;
    map<HostID,HostRec>::iterator iter = m_hostSockets.find( dest );
    if ( iter == m_hostSockets.end() ) {
        socket = -1;
    } else {
        socket = iter->second.m_socket;
        logf( "socketForHost(%x) => %d", dest, socket );
    }
    logf( "returning socket=%d for hostid=%x", socket, dest );
    return socket;
}

void
CookieRef::Remove( int socket )
{
    int count;
    {
        RWWriteLock rwl( &m_sockets_rwlock );

        count = CountSockets();
        assert( count > 0 );
        map<HostID,HostRec>::iterator iter = m_hostSockets.begin();
        while ( iter != m_hostSockets.end() ) {
            if ( iter->second.m_socket == socket ) {
                m_hostSockets.erase(iter);
                --count;
                break;
            }
            ++iter;
        }
    }

    /* Does this belong here or at a higher level? */
    XWThreadPool::GetTPool()->CloseSocket( socket );

    if ( count == 0 ) {
        ForgetCref( this );
        delete this;
    }
}

void
CookieRef::HandleHeartbeat( HostID id, int socket )
{
    MutexLock ml( &m_EventsMutex );
    pushHeartbeatEvent( id, socket );
    handleEvents();
} /* HandleHeartbeat */

void
CookieRef::CheckHeartbeats( time_t now, vector<int>* victims )
{
    logf( "CookieRef::CheckHeartbeats" );
    MutexLock ml( &m_EventsMutex );

    pushHeartTimerEvent( now, victims );
    handleEvents();
} /* CheckHeartbeats */

void
CookieRef::Forward( HostID src, HostID dest, unsigned char* buf, int buflen )
{
    MutexLock ml( &m_EventsMutex );
    pushForwardEvent( src, dest, buf, buflen );
    handleEvents();
} /* Forward */

void 
CookieRef::pushConnectEvent( int socket, HostID srcID )
{
    CRefEvent evt;
    evt.type = XW_EVENT_CONNECTMSG;
    evt.u.con.socket = socket;
    evt.u.con.srcID = srcID;
    m_eventQueue.push_front( evt );
} /* pushConnectEvent */

void
CookieRef::pushHeartbeatEvent( HostID id, int socket )
{
    CRefEvent evt;
    evt.type = XW_EVENT_HEARTMSG;
    evt.u.heart.id = id;
    evt.u.heart.socket = socket;
    m_eventQueue.push_front( evt );
}

void
CookieRef::pushHeartTimerEvent( time_t now, vector<int>* victims )
{
    CRefEvent evt;
    evt.type = XW_EVENT_HEARTTIMER;
    evt.u.htime.now = now;
    evt.u.htime.victims = victims;
    m_eventQueue.push_front( evt );
}

void
CookieRef::pushForwardEvent( HostID src, HostID dest, 
                             unsigned char* buf, int buflen )
{
    CRefEvent evt;
    evt.type = XW_EVENT_FORWARDMSG;
    evt.u.fwd.src = src;
    evt.u.fwd.dest = dest;
    evt.u.fwd.buf = buf;
    evt.u.fwd.buflen = buflen;
    m_eventQueue.push_front( evt );
}

void
CookieRef::handleEvents()
{
    XW_RELAY_ACTION takeAction;

    while ( m_eventQueue.size() > 0 ) {
        CRefEvent evt = m_eventQueue.front();
        m_eventQueue.pop_front();

        if ( getFromTable( m_curState, evt.type, &takeAction, &m_nextState ) ) {

            logf( "moving from state %s to state %s for event %s",
                  stateString(m_curState), stateString(m_nextState),
                  eventString(evt.type) );

            switch( takeAction ) {
            case XW_ACTION_SENDRSP:
                sendResponse( &evt );
                break;

            case XW_ACTION_FWD:
                forward( &evt );
                break;

            case XW_ACTION_DISCONNECTALL:
                disconnectAll( &evt );
                break;

            case XW_ACTION_NOTEHEART:
                noteHeartbeat( &evt );
                break;

            case XW_ACTION_CHECKHEART:
                checkHeartbeats( &evt );
                break;

            case XW_ACTION_HEARTOK:
                /* nothing to do for this */
                break;

            case XW_ACTION_NONE: 
            default:
                assert(0); 
                break;
            }

            m_curState = m_nextState;
        }
    }
} /* handleEvents */

static void
send_with_length( int socket, unsigned char* buf, int bufLen )
{
    SocketWriteLock slock( socket );
    int ok = 0;
    unsigned short len = htons( bufLen );
    ssize_t nSent = send( socket, &len, 2, 0 );
    if ( nSent == 2 ) {
        nSent = send( socket, buf, bufLen, 0 );
        if ( nSent == bufLen ) {
            logf( "sent %d bytes on socket %d", nSent, socket );
            ok = 1;
        }
    }
    if ( !ok ) {
        killSocket( socket, "couldn't send" );
    }
}

static void
putNetShort( unsigned char** bufpp, unsigned short s )
{
    s = htons( s );
    memcpy( *bufpp, &s, sizeof(s) );
    *bufpp += sizeof(s);
}

static void
putNetLong( unsigned char** bufpp, unsigned long s )
{
    s = htonl( s );
    memcpy( *bufpp, &s, sizeof(s) );
    *bufpp += sizeof(s);
    assert( sizeof(s) == 4 );   /* otherwise need to hardcode */
}

void
CookieRef::sendResponse( const CRefEvent* evt )
{
    int socket = evt->u.con.socket;
    HostID id = evt->u.con.srcID;

    assert( id != HOST_ID_NONE );
    logf( "remembering pair: hostid=%x, socket=%d", id, socket );
    RWWriteLock ml( &m_sockets_rwlock );
    HostRec hr(socket);
    m_hostSockets.insert( pair<HostID,HostRec>(id,hr) );

    /* Now send the response */
    unsigned char buf[7];
    unsigned char* bufp = buf;

    *bufp++ = XWRELAY_CONNECTRESP;
    putNetShort( &bufp, GetHeartbeat() );
    putNetLong( &bufp, GetCookieID() );

    send_with_length( socket, buf, sizeof(buf) );
    RecordSent( sizeof(buf), socket );
    logf( "sent CONNECTIONRSP" );
} /* sendResponse */

void
CookieRef::forward( const CRefEvent* evt )
{
    unsigned char* buf = evt->u.fwd.buf;
    int buflen = evt->u.fwd.buflen;
    HostID src = evt->u.fwd.src;
    HostID dest = evt->u.fwd.dest;

    int destSocket = SocketForHost( dest );

    /* This is an ugly hack!!!! */
    *buf = XWRELAY_MSG_FROMRELAY;
    send_with_length( destSocket, buf, buflen );

    /* also note that we've heard from src recently */
    pushHeartbeatEvent( src, SocketForHost(src) );
} /* forward */

void
CookieRef::disconnectAll( const CRefEvent* evt )
{
}

void
CookieRef::noteHeartbeat( const CRefEvent* evt )
{
    int socket = evt->u.heart.socket;
    HostID id = evt->u.heart.id;

    RWWriteLock rwl( &m_sockets_rwlock );

    map<HostID,HostRec>::iterator iter = m_hostSockets.find(id);
    assert( iter != m_hostSockets.end() );

    /* PENDING If the message came on an unexpected socket, kill the
       connection.  An attack is the most likely explanation. */
    assert( iter->second.m_socket == socket );

    logf( "upping m_lastHeartbeat from %d to %d",
          iter->second.m_lastHeartbeat, now() );
    iter->second.m_lastHeartbeat = now();
} /* noteHeartbeat */

void
CookieRef::checkHeartbeats( const CRefEvent* evt )
{
    int vcount = 0;
    vector<int>* victims = evt->u.htime.victims;
    time_t now = evt->u.htime.now;

    RWWriteLock rwl( &m_sockets_rwlock );

    map<HostID,HostRec>::iterator iter = m_hostSockets.begin();
    while ( iter != m_hostSockets.end() ) {
        time_t last = iter->second.m_lastHeartbeat;
        if ( (now - last) > HEARTBEAT * 2 ) {
            victims->push_back( iter->second.m_socket );
            ++vcount;
        }
        ++iter;
    }
    logf( "CookieRef::CheckHeartbeats done" );

    /* Post an event */
    CRefEvent newEvt;
    newEvt.type = vcount > 0 ? XW_EVENT_HEARTFAILED : XW_EVENT_HEARTOK;
    m_eventQueue.push_front( newEvt );
} /* checkHeartbeats */

void
CookieRef::PrintCookieInfo( string& out )
{
    out += "Name: ";
    out += Name();
    out += "\n";
    out += "ID: ";
    char buf[64];
    snprintf( buf, sizeof(buf), "%ld\n", GetCookieID() );
    out += buf;

    snprintf( buf, sizeof(buf), "Bytes sent: %d\n", m_totalSent );
    out += buf;

    /* n messages */
    /* n bytes */
    /* open since when */
    /* sockets */

} /* PrintCookieInfo */

/* static */ CookieMapIterator
CookieRef::GetCookieIterator()
{
    CookieMapIterator iter;
    return iter;
}


CookieMapIterator:: CookieMapIterator()
     : _iter( gCookieMap.begin() )
{
}

CookieID
CookieMapIterator::Next()
{
    CookieID id = 0;
    if ( _iter != gCookieMap.end() ) {
        CookieRef* cref = _iter->second;
        id = cref->GetCookieID();
        ++_iter;
    }
    return id;
}