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2017-08-18: Updated to version 57 Signed-off-by: Gwenhael Le Moine <gwenhael.le.moine@gmail.com>
2024-03-20 07:46:28 +01:00
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<p>Emu48 - A freeware HP38G/39G/40G/48SX/48GX/49G Emulator<br>
for Windows 9x, ME, NT, 2000, XP, Vista, 7, 8 and 10</p>
</div>
<div id="navi">
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s1">1. General</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s2">2. Acknowledgements</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s3">3. ROM Images</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s4">4. Installation</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s5">5. How to Start</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s6">6. Command Line</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s7">7. Virtual Keyboard</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s8">8. File Menu</a><br>
<span class="nav2">
<a href="#ss8.1">8.1 New...</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.2">8.2 Open...</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.3">8.3 Save</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.4">8.4 Save As...</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.5">8.5 Close</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.6">8.6 Settings</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.6.1">8.6.1 Settings General</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.6.2">8.6.2 Settings Memory</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.6.3">8.6.3 Settings Peripheral</a><br>
<a href="#ss8.7">8.7 Exit</a>
</span></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s9">9. Edit Menu</a><br>
<span class="nav2">
<a href="#ss9.1">9.1 Load Object...</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.2">9.2 Save Object...</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.3">9.3 Copy Screen</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.4">9.4 Copy Stack</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.5">9.5 Paste Stack</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.6">9.6 Reset Calculator</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.7">9.7 Backup</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.7.1">9.7.1 Backup Save</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.7.2">9.7.2 Backup Restore</a><br>
<a href="#ss9.7.3">9.7.3 Backup Delete</a>
</span></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s10">10. View Menu</a><br>
<a class="nav2" href="#ss10.1">10.1 Change KML Script...</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s11">11. Tools Menu</a><br>
<span class="nav2">
<a href="#ss11.1">11.1 Disassembler...</a><br>
<a href="#ss11.2">11.2 Debugger...</a><br>
<a href="#ss11.3">11.3 Macro</a><br>
<a href="#ss11.3.1">11.3.1 Macro Record...</a><br>
<a href="#ss11.3.2">11.3.2 Macro Play...</a><br>
<a href="#ss11.3.3">11.3.3 Macro Stop</a><br>
<a href="#ss11.3.4">11.3.4 Macro Settings...</a>
</span></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s12">12. Help Menu</a><br>
<span class="nav2">
<a href="#ss12.1">12.1 Help Topics</a><br>
<a href="#ss12.2">12.2 About Emu48...</a>
</span></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s13">13. DDE Server</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s14">14. Emu48+ Changes</a></p>
<p><a class="nav1" href="#s15">15. License</a></p>
</div>
<div id="main">
<h1><a name=s1>1. General</a></h1>
<p>Emu48 is an emulator for the Hewlett Packard HP38G, HP39G,
HP40G, HP48SX, HP48GX and HP49G calculator hardware. These calculators
are based on the 1LT8 Clarke (HP48SX) and on the Yorke chip.</p>
<h1><a name=s2>2. Acknowledgements</a></h1>
<p>First of all a big thank to S&eacute;bastien Carlier for publishing
Emu48 v1.0 under the GPL. Without this decision newer versions of the
emulator wouldn't have been possible or ports to other similar
calculators wouldn't have been made. Also a big thank to Jean-Yves
Avenard for his technical assistance in the beginning. And finally I
want to thank all the unnamed authors for publishing material about
these calculators.</p>
<h1><a name=s3>3. ROM Images</a></h1>
<p>Emu48 needs an image of a calculator ROM to be able to run. ROM
images are valid in a packed (even address lower nibble, odd address
higher nibble) or unpacked (one nibble per byte with even address first)
form.</p>
<p>Since fall 2000 the emulator ROM's for the HP38, 39, 40, 48 and 49
are freely available on different Internet sites. Because there's no
license for the distribution of the ROM images, they aren't included
in the Emu48 package. You can still use the classic way extracting
them from your own calculator. But in mostly all cases you have to
convert the ROM files into the Emu48 ROM format.</p>
<ul>
<li>HP38
<p>To upload the ROM of your HP38G, you will need a special aplet
called <a href="http://www.hpcalc.org/details.php?id=633">&quot;ROM UPLOAD&quot;</a>.
Once you've uploaded the ROM, you have to convert it using the
Convert utility.</p>
<p>To do that, start a Command Prompt while running Windows, and
type:</p>
<blockquote>Convert &lt;rom-file&gt; ROM.38G</blockquote>
<p>Where &lt;rom-file&gt; is the path to your ROM image. This will
create a file named ROM.38G. This tool will also check its validity.
</p></li>
<li>HP39/40
<p>To upload the ROM of your HP39G/HP40G, you will need a special aplet
called <a href="http://hp.giesselink.com/emu48.htm">&quot;ROM UPLOAD&quot;</a>.
Once you've uploaded the ROM, you have to convert it using the Rom2emu utility.
</p>
<p>To do that, start a Command Prompt while running Windows, and
type:</p>
<blockquote>Rom2emu &lt;rom-file&gt; ROM.39G</blockquote>
<p>There's also a HP39G/HP40G beta ROM for emulators inside an old
<a href="http://www.hpcalc.org/details.php?id=4272">Emu48 package</a>.
</p></li>
<li>HP48
<p>If you have already used another HP48 emulator, you can convert
the ROM using the Convert utility.
</p>
<p>To do that, start a Command Prompt while running Windows, and
type:</p>
<blockquote>Convert &lt;rom-file&gt; ROM.48G</blockquote>
<p>or</p>
<blockquote>Convert &lt;rom-file&gt; ROM.48S</blockquote>
<p>Where &lt;rom-file&gt; is the path to your old ROM image. This
will create a file named ROM.48G or ROM.48S, depending on the version
you own. This tool should be able to read any style of ROM image, and
will also check its validity. Note that if you run it with only one
parameter, no file will be written, but it will still check the
validity of the ROM.</p>
<p>If you have never used an HP48 emulator, and don't have a ROM
dump, you can either use Jean-Yves Avenard's ROMUPL.BIN or the
ROMDump Wizard V1.x, which will almost automatically get the ROM from
your HP48. After the download you may have to convert your dump with
the CONVERT utility into the Emu48 format.</p>
<p>You can find the latest version of the ROM dump programs on:</p>
<blockquote>
ROMUPL.BIN <a href="http://www.hpcalc.org/details.php?id=3686">
http://www.hpcalc.org/details.php?id=3686</a><br>
ROMDump Wizard
<a href="http://hp.giesselink.com/emu48.htm">
http://hp.giesselink.com/emu48.htm</a>
</blockquote></li>
<li>HP49G
<p>There's no ROM download program available so far. But you can
create a ROM image with the
<a href="http://hp.giesselink.com/emu48.htm">UPD49ROM tool</a>
and a <a href="http://www.hpcalc.org/hp49/pc/rom/">
ROM update file</a> for the HP49G calculator. I suggested to use
<a href="http://www.hpcalc.org/details.php?id=3240">version 1.19-6</a>
</p>
<p>To create a HP49G ROM image file, start a Command Prompt while
running Windows, and type:</p>
<blockquote>UPD49ROM -f hp49119-6.flash ROM.49G</blockquote>
<p>This will create a HP49G ROM image file with an empty User
Port 2.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1><a name=s4>4. Installation</a></h1>
<p>To install Emu48 you may use the installer package which contain,
among the binaries, some HP48 KML scripts or just unzip the emulator
and the required emulator skins from archives into an empty directory.
Finally you have to copy your ROM images into this directory and
adjust the ROM image name to the name used in the corresponding KML
script. When you first run Emu48, it will detect the directory in
which you installed it, and will write the configuration to the
registry at <i>HKCU\Software\Emu48</i>.</p>
<h1><a name=s5>5. How to Start</a></h1>
<p>When Emu48 is installed and you have put valid KML scripts and the
corresponding ROM image(s) into your Emu48 installation directory, you
can start Emu48. You'll see a &quot;Choose Your KML Script&quot;
box.</p>
<p>KML scripts in fact define the visual aspect of Emu48, the behavior of
the buttons, of the keyboard, ... It's a GREAT way to customize your copy
of Emu48.</p>
<p>Check that the path in the &quot;Emu48 Directory&quot; text area is
correct. Modify it if the directory in which you installed Emu48 is not
the directory displayed. Click the refresh button (&quot;V&quot;) after
modifying it to update the list box or use the (&quot;...&quot;) button to
start the directory browser.</p>
<p>Choose a KML script in the list box for your calculator ROM you put
into Emu48's directory.</p>
<p>Several HP48 scripts are included in the Emu48 archive:</p>
<ul>
<li>Emu48's Default Faceplate for HP48G/GX</li>
<li>Emu48's Default Faceplate for HP48S/SX
<p>These two are simple scripts, good for 800x600 display
resolution.</p></li>
<li>Casey's Gx with Toolbar and Touch Screen</li>
<li>Casey's Sx with Toolbar and Touch Screen
<p>These script uses many advanced features, and is a good
demonstration of the power of Emu48's scripting language KML.
Try it, it is really great!</p></li>
<li>Floating buttons
<p>This one looks really great.</p></li>
<li>Small but realistic HP48 Gx
<p>This one has been designed for small resolutions such as
640x480.
</p></li>
</ul>
<p>If you want other great scripts, visit Rechlin's great HP archive
<a href="http://www.hpcalc.org/"></a></p>
<p>And if you are interested in writing new scripts, get the KML 2.0
documentation from <a href="http://hp.giesselink.com/emu48.htm">the
authors Emu48 page</a>.</p>
<p>Once you have selected a script, press OK to start the emulator. In
most cases, when Emu48 crash after pressing the OK button, you are using
an invalid ROM image. While it's running, you can use the View/Change KML
Script... command to change the visual aspect of Emu48.</p>
<h1><a name=s6>6. Command Line</a></h1>
<p>The command line syntax is &quot;<i>Emu48 [E48file [Port2file]]</i>&quot;.
The first parameter sets the filename for the emulation data
independent from the &quot;LastDocument&quot; setting, the second
parameter the Port2 file. You're not able to set a Port 2 file without
setting the emulation data file. The arguments are optional.</p>
<h1><a name=s7>7. Virtual Keyboard</a></h1>
<p>There are two ways to use the virtual keyboard on the emulated
calculator:</p>
<ol>
<li><a href="#mouse">by Mouse</a></li>
<li><a href="#keyboard">by PC keyboard</a></li>
</ol>
<p><a name=mouse></a>
The easiest way to use the emulated calculator is using the mouse. The KML
script define buttons with an area where mouse input is active. The mouse
cursor change from an arrow to a hand cursor in these areas. The state of
the virtual key follow the state of your left mouse button. When the mouse
cursor leaves the virtual key area the virtual button automatically
release. In some cases you need to press more than one key on the
emulator. For these cases press the virtual key with the right mouse
button. When you release the mouse button or leave the area of the virtual
key, the key is still hold. To release all hold virtual buttons, just use
the left mouse button again. A single release of a hold virtual key isn't
possible.</p>
<p><a name=keyboard></a>
Another convenient way is using the PC keyboard. The KML script language
support a large variety of commands to implement this feature. So keyboard
usage depends on your used KML script and not on the emulator. Because of
this it's impossible to say what's happen when you press a key on the PC
keyboard. For further details read the KML 2.0 documentation mentioned
before please.</p>
<h1><a name=s8>8. File Menu</a></h1>
<h2><a name=ss8.1>8.1 New...</a></h2>
<p>Creates a new emulation session. You're asked for a new KML script
where you can select the calculator type and skin to emulate.</p>
<h2><a name=ss8.2>8.2 Open...</a></h2>
<p>Opens an existing emulation session. The emulation continues at the
same position where the loaded session was aborted. Loading emulation
sessions made with a different ROM revision may <u>destroy</u> the memory
content or may cause other unpredictable results.</p>
<h2><a name=ss8.3>8.3 Save</a></h2>
<p>Saves the current running session with the actual name.</p>
<h2><a name=ss8.4>8.4 Save As...</a></h2>
<p>Saves the current running session with a new name. You're also get in
this dialog when you Exit a new session without a state file name.</p>
<h2><a name=ss8.5>8.5 Close</a></h2>
<p>Closes the current session without closing the emulator.</p>
<h2><a name=ss8.6>8.6 Settings</a></h2>
<p>This calls the Settings dialog. This dialog has three tabs:
General, Memory and Peripheral.</p>
<h3><a name=ss8.6.1>8.6.1 Settings General</a></h3>
<h4>8.6.1.1 Section General</h4>
<ul>
<li><i>Authentic Calculator Speed</i>
<p>When this option is checked, the emulation speed will be similar
to the real calculator depending on the RATE control register
content.</p></li>
<li><i>Enable Virtual LCD Delay</i>
<p>Try this option for a better 4 color gray scale display simulation
output.</p></li>
<li><i>Always On Top</i>
<p>When this option is checked, the emulator window will always be the
topmost one.</p></li>
<li><i>Activation Follows Mouse</i>
<p>This option enables a X-Mouse style windows activation. When the
mouse is moved over the emulator window, the emulator is getting the
focus and popping up into foreground.</p></li>
<li><i>Single Instance</i>
<p>When this option is checked, the program is only allowed to run in
a single instance. If another running instance is detected, the detected
instance is set into foreground as active window and get a request to
change his state file to the given one by the current instance. Finally
the current instance is terminated.</p></li>
<li><i>Automatically Save Files</i>
<p>When this option is checked, the current state file will automatically
saved when you change to another state file, but not when you close the
emulator program.</p></li>
<li><i>Automatically Save Files On Exit</i>
<p>When this option is checked, the current state file will be saved
automatically at the end when the emulator program is closed.</p></li>
<li><i>Show Load Object Warning</i>
<p>When this option is checked, you'll get a warning message box when you
try to load an object with the <i>Load Object...</i> menu command. If
this option is unchecked, the warning will be skipped.</p></li>
<li><i>Always Show KML Compilation Result</i>
<p>When this option is checked, you see the results of the KML
(Keyboard Macro Language) interpreter at every KML script load.</p></li>
</ul>
<h4>8.6.1.2 Section Style</h4>
<ul>
<li><i>Show Title</i>
<p>When this option is checked, the window title bar is visible.</p></li>
<li><i>Show Menu</i>
<p>When this option is checked, the menu bar is enabled. If unchecked,
the menu is accessible as context menu in the client area outside the
calculator button definitions.</p></li>
</ul>
<h4>8.6.1.3 Section Disassembler</h4>
<p>Choosing the assembler syntax:</p>
<ul>
<li><i>HP Mnemonics</i>
<p>This is the standard syntax used by HP.</p></li>
<li><i>Class Mnemonics</i>
<p>Class (Clarke assembler) was written by Lutz Vieweg in 1991, at a time
when HP had not published their own development tools. The syntax is very
similar to the AG and STAR mnemonics used at this time. Especially
published assembler programs written for the HP28S use the similar AG
syntax.</p></li>
</ul>
<h3><a name=ss8.6.2>8.6.2 Settings Memory</a></h3>
<h4>8.6.2.1 Section Memory Cards</h4>
<ul>
<li><i>Port 1 is Plugged</i>
<p>When this option is checked, a 128 KB RAM card is emulated in card
Port 1. The RAM card content is saved in the current emulator state
file.</p></li>
<li><i>Port 1 is Writeable</i>
<p>When this option is checked, the RAM card in card Port 1 is
writable else the card is Read-Only by simulating the card write
protect switch.</p></li>
<li><i>Port 2 is Shared</i>
<p>When this option is unchecked, only the first instance of Emu48
will allow you to use the RAM card in Port 2. When this option is
checked, the first instance of Emu48 will give you both read and
write access to this RAM card. If you start Emu48 in another
instance, the RAM card in Port 2 will be write-protected. Thus you
can transfer files very easily between two calculators. This RAM card
is used by both S/SX and G/GX types.</p></li>
<li><i>Port 2 is Writeable</i>
<p>This option represents the actual read/write state of the Port 2
file. Changing the option will also change the state for the
calculator by modifying the Read-Only attribute of the file.</p></li>
<li><i>Port 2 File</i>
<p>You can add a RAM card of up to 4MB to a HP48. By default, no such
card will be created when you start Emu48. The MkShared.exe utility
will allow you to create one. To create a Port 2 RAM Card, call the
program, select the RAM Card size, enter the card file name and press
the 'Create' button. That's it. Please remember, this program replace
the destination file without any request!</p>
<p>If you already have a Port 2 card file in unpacked format, you
have to copy the file into the emulator directory. If you choose a
different directory you have to use a full path file name.</p>
<p>If you use RAM cards greater than 128 KB in a HP48SX, you can only
see the first 128 KB of the card. Please remember, the firmware of
all HP48GX versions has a bug when using a 4 MB RAM card. You always
get the message &quot;Warning: Invalid Card Data&quot; at startup
and Port 33 is inaccessible. This is not a bug of the emulator!</p>
<p>When you have created or copied the file, enter the card file
name into the Port 2 File edit box.</p>
<p>Please remember, all port configuration changes mostly behave
like on the original calculator. This means when you do this changes
with the emulated calculator on, it's the same like when you do this
with a real calculator on. In many times, this depends on the current
state of the calculator, this will work without any problems by doing
an automatically calculator warmstart. But for the most secure way,
switch off the emulated calculator first, please!</p></li>
</ul>
<h3><a name=ss8.6.3>8.6.3 Settings Peripheral</a></h3>
<h4>8.6.3.1 Section Sound</h4>
<p>A new implementation of the sound engine made ROM patches for sound
output obsolete. The new sound engine emulates the behavior of the beeper
output ports and only work in connection with a sound card. Using the
internal PC speaker isn't possible any more. The old beeper method with a
ROM patch is still working but deprecated, it's strongly recommended to
remove all beep patches from your current KML scripts to enable the new
sound engine. The support of the old sound implementation by a ROM patch
maybe removed in later versions of the emulator and remaining beep
patches will corrupt the ROM with an illegal opcode then.
</p>
<p>
For the sound generation the calculator must know his own CPU strobe
frequency. On the real calculator the speed depends on various settings
like component tolerances, actual temperature, humidity and other
variables. The resulting speed is measured by the calculator firmware
at a cold- or at a warmstart and stored in the =CSPEED variable. The
content of this calculator variable has direct influence on the
resulting frequency and duration. On the emulator the HP48SX CPU
strobe frequency is set by the registry key
<i>HKCU\Software\Emu48\Emulator\SXCycles</i>, for all other
calculators at <i>HKCU\Software\Emu48\Emulator\GXCycles</i>.
For some reasons the CPU cycles are only estimated and so the
strobe frequency value in the registry is not the exact CPU strobe
frequency of the calculator in Hz divided by 16384 like in the
other emulators. Because older versions of the emulator were not
able to measure the CPU strobe frequency properly or the strobe
frequency registry content has been changed since the last
measurement, the =CSPEED variable of this session file may contain
a wrong frequency value. You easily may discover this by measuring
the real duration of a 10s beep. Is the difference to 10s less
than 1s everything is ok, if not, you should perform a
<u style="color:red">warmstart</u> of the calculator in this
session file. Alternatively you may execute a
<a href=#ss9.6>Reset Calculator</a>. This recalls the measuring
routine and save the result in the speed variable. Both restart
variants purge the stack content!
</p>
<ul>
<li><i>Volume</i>
<p>The output volume can be selected with the Volume slider relative to
the Master Volume control.
</p></li>
<li><i>Device</i>
<p>By default the sound device is set to &quot;Standard Audio&quot;, but
you can also manually choose the output device. The device name is
somehow cut since Window Vista, but the method of reading the device
name is used for backwards compatibility to older versions of the
Operating System. When you change the Standard Audio device in the
Operating System settings dialog, the internal device numbering may
change, and so the manually selected audio device.</p></li>
</ul>
<h4>8.6.3.2 Section Infrared Printer</h4>
<p>The emulator has the ability to print data to a HP82240A/B printer
simulation. The data transfer to the printer simulator is done over UDP.
In this section you can the define the IPv4 address and the port the
printer simulator is listening. A suitable HP82240B printer simulation can
be found <a href="http://hp.giesselink.com/hp82240b.htm">here</a>.</p>
<h4>8.6.3.3 Section Serial Ports</h4>
<ul>
<li><i>Wire</i>
<p>In the Wire combo box you can select the COM port device connected
to the wire port of the calculator.</p></li>
<li><i>Ir</i>
<p>In the Ir combo box you can select the COM port device connected
to the IR port of the calculator. Please remember that the IR port
only work with 2400 baud.</p></li>
</ul>
<h2><a name=ss8.7>8.7 Exit</a></h2>
<p>Quit emulation. The default actions at finishing are defined in the
<a href=#ss8.6>Settings</a> dialog. If the current session is
&quot;Untitled&quot; you are asked for a session file name using the
<a href="#ss8.4">Save As...</a> dialog. If you quit the emulator
without a given filename, you're asked for choosing a KML script at
next startup.</p>
<h1><a name=s9>9. Edit Menu</a></h1>
<h2><a name=ss9.1>9.1 Load Object...</a></h2>
<p>This is only valid for the HP48SX, HP48GX and the HP49G emulation.
You can load HP48 and HP49G binary objects to stack level 1. Therefore
the object must begin with &quot;HPHP48-x&quot; for a HP48 or with
&quot;HPHP49-x&quot; for a HP49G binary object where x can be any
alphanumeric character. If the binary header isn't present, the object
is loaded as string. Dropping HP objects over the emulator window will
also load objects. Be sure that the emulator isn't busy before doing
this.</p>
<h2><a name=ss9.2>9.2 Save Object...</a></h2>
<p>This is only valid for the HP48SX, HP48GX and the HP49G emulation.
Save the current object in stack level 1 as binary object to disk.</p>
<h2><a name=ss9.3>9.3 Copy Screen</a></h2>
<p>Copy the screen content as bitmap to the clipboard.</p>
<h2><a name=ss9.4>9.4 Copy Stack</a></h2>
<p>This is only valid for the HP48SX, HP48GX and the HP49G emulation.</p>
<p>Copy a &quot;Real Number&quot;, &quot;Complex Number&quot; or
&quot;String&quot; object in stack level 1 to the clipboard. On all
other objects, the command will be ignored. This prevents sending
binary objects to the clipboard.</p>
<p>The decimal point (radix mark) of &quot;Real Numbers&quot; in the
clipboard is equal to the calculator setting. This point maybe
important when you try to paste the numbers into a program using the
locale settings of the host operating system.</p>
<h2><a name=ss9.5>9.5 Paste Stack</a></h2>
<p>This is only valid for the HP48SX, HP48GX and the HP49G emulation.</p>
<p>Paste the text field content of the clipboard to stack level 1 of
the emulated calculator. If the clipboard content is representing a
real number, the number will be saved as &quot;Real Number&quot;
object. Is the content a complex number object, the number will be
saved as &quot;Complex Number&quot; object, in all other cases as
&quot;String&quot; object.</p>
<p>To import &quot;Real or Complex Numbers&quot; from the clipboard,
the decimal point (radix mark) of the clipboard and calculator
<u>must</u> be equal. A real or complex number is only detected in the
case of valid real number characters in the clipboard. Especially
heading and tailing white spaces aren't valid number characters
also.</p>
<p>Complex numbers must be in the form <i>(a,b)</i> when using the
point radix mark or in the form <i>(a;b)</i> when using the comma
radix mark. The Cartesian or algebraic form <i>a+bi</i> is not
supported.</p>
<h2><a name=ss9.6>9.6 Reset Calculator</a></h2>
<p>This emulates the Reset pin of the internal CPU.</p>
<h2><a name=ss9.7>9.7 Backup</a></h2>
<h3><a name=ss9.7.1>9.7.1 Backup Save</a></h3>
<p>This saves the current emulator status into a backup slot. If the
backup slot already contain data, it will be overwritten.</p>
<h3><a name=ss9.7.2>9.7.2 Backup Restore</a></h3>
<p>This restores a previous saved emulator status without request. If you
changed the calculator model meanwhile, the emulator will switch back to
the old model.</p>
<h3><a name=ss9.7.3>9.7.3 Backup Delete</a></h3>
<p>This deletes the data in the backup slot.</p>
<h1><a name=s10>10. View Menu</a></h1>
<h2><a name=ss10.1>10.1 Change KML Script...</a></h2>
<p>This allows you to change the skin of the current emulated calculator.
In opposite to the New... command you see only scripts emulating the same
calculator model.</p>
<h1><a name=s11>11. Tools Menu</a></h1>
<h2><a name=ss11.1>11.1 Disassembler...</a></h2>
<p>This is a simple disassembler.</p>
<p>Enter the address to disassemble in hexadecimal into the &quot;Address
(HEX)&quot; field and press &lt;Return&gt;. With the &quot;Next Address&quot;
button the next opcode is disassembled. With the &quot;Copy Data&quot; button
you can copy all selected lines inside the list box to the clipboard.</p>
<h2><a name=ss11.2>11.2 Debugger...</a></h2>
<p>The assembler code debugger of the emulator. For more details refer to the
extra documentation of the debugger please.</p>
<h2><a name=ss11.3>11.3 Macro</a></h2>
<p>The keyboard macro recorder unit.</p>
<h3><a name=ss11.3.1>11.3.1 Macro Record...</a></h3>
<p>Prompts a dialog to enter the macro file for the data to record. After
accepting the confirm message, every key event is recorded into the macro
file with it's time information.</p>
<h3><a name=ss11.3.2>11.3.2 Macro Play...</a></h3>
<p>Prompts a dialog box to ask for the keyboard macro file to play. The
replay starts immediately after selecting the file.</p>
<h3><a name=ss11.3.3>11.3.3 Macro Stop</a></h3>
<p>Stops recording or replaying a keyboard macro file.</p>
<h3><a name=ss11.3.4>11.3.4 Macro Settings...</a></h3>
<p>Settings for the Macro Replay mode</p>
<ul>
<li><i>Real</i>
<p>Replay macro with the original recording speed.</p></li>
<li><i>Manual</i>
<p>Replay macro with the speed set by the speed slider.</p></li>
</ul>
<h1><a name=s12>12. Help Menu</a></h1>
<h2><a name=ss12.1>12.1 Help Topics</a></h2>
<p>Call this document.</p>
<h2><a name=ss12.2>12.2 About Emu48...</a></h2>
<p>The version, copyright and license message...</p>
<h1><a name=s13>13. DDE Server</a></h1>
<p>Emu48 has an integrated DDE server to transmit data from and to the HP
stack. Because only the HP48 and HP49 have a stack, all DDE transfers
are ignored on the other calculators. You have the same restrictions like
with the commands &quot;Load object...&quot; and &quot;Save
Object...&quot;, that a running program may corrupt memory. In difference
you can choose the stack level for the transfer in the DDE item field.
Take care to transmit data only after the acknowledge of the last DDE
transaction.</p>
<p>Technical data:</p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="651" summary="DDE settings">
<tr>
<td width="111">Servicename:</td>
<td width="536">Emu48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="111">Topicname:</td>
<td width="536">Stack</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="111">Item:</td>
<td width="536">1 (stack level)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="111">Clipboardformat:</td>
<td width="536">&quot;CF_HPOBJ&quot; (user defined)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The DDE commands CONNECT, POKE and REQUEST are supported.</p>
<p>The structure of the clipboard format &quot;CF_HPOBJ&quot;:</p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary="CF_HPOBJ format">
<tr>
<td width="34%">4 Byte (length of object, LSB first)</td>
<td width="66%" align="center">HP object (normal HP object)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h1><a name=s14>14. Emu48+ Changes</a></h1>
<p>Emu48+ is a modified version of Emu48 to add support for the ARM-based
calculators. It does not emulate the ARM CPU, but it enhances the
Saturn emulation to more closely match the emulation provided by the
Saturn emulator on the ARM-based calculators.</p>
<p>Emu48+ adds support for many of the Saturn+ instructions, including
some of the BUSCC instructions, and it also adds support for the 80-line
display used on the 49g+ and 50g.</p>
<p>At present, the additional calculators supported in Emu48+ are the
49g+, 48gII (hardware revision 1), 50g, and 39g+/39gs/40gs.</p>
<p>To create KML scripts for the additional calculator models, use the
following model codes:</p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="651" summary="DDE settings">
<tr>
<td width="111">39g+/39gs:</td>
<td width="536">Model "P"<br>
Class 39</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="111">40gs:</td>
<td width="536">Model "P"<br>
Class 40</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="111">48gII:</td>
<td width="536">Model "2"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="111">49g+:</td>
<td width="536">Model "Q"</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="111">50g:</td>
<td width="536">Model "Q"<br>
Class 50</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>Most of the code that was changed in Emu48+ over Emu48 was provided by
Cyrille de Brebisson of Hewlett-Packard.</p>
<h1><a name=s15>15. License</a></h1>
<p>Emu48 - A HP38G/39G/40G/48SX/48GX/49G Emulator<br>
Copyright (C) 2017 Christoph Gie&szlig;elink</p>
<p>Emu48+ - A 39g+/39gs/40gs/48gII/49g+/50g Emulator<br>
Copyright (C) 2017 Cyrille de Brebisson<br>
Additional changes by Bill Graves and Eric Rechlin</p>
<p>This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
any later version.</p>
<p>This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
for more details.</p>
<p>You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.</p>
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