slackware-current/README.initrd
Patrick J Volkerding e100944d49 Fri Jul 27 21:01:22 UTC 2018
Hey folks, my first order of business here needs to be a huge thank you to
everyone who has donated at https://paypal.me/volkerdi to help keep this
project going. As most of you are already aware by now, the financal situation
here at Slackware HQ has not been great for many years, including not getting
any pay for the last two years and forcing me (and my family) to live very
frugally while I continued to work on the project hoping I'd figure out a way
to actually monitize it by the time that Slackware 15.0 is ready for release.
I'm not trying to cast any blame regarding the situation. Really, I can only
blame myself for not trying to build my own ship years ago when things began
to not really work out. I'm still looking into sustainable funding options
such as Patreon or Liberapay (or perhaps both), and I'm open to other ideas.
I'm no longer in immediate danger of going broke, and I'm no longer
entertaining the notion of joining my friends at the local potato chip factory
in order to pay my bills. :) My family is grateful and humbled by the support
we've received. Hope we'll be able to keep this project going for a long time.
Also, I realize that the website lacks updates and needs attention and I will
need to find some time to devote to that. I've never been much of a website
designer, and the slackware.com site is basically left over from work done by
former Walnut Creek / BSDi employees. I've never seen able to make much sense
of the SQL backend. The interface to edit and post articles is clunky (and
I'm not sure the PHP for that even works any more). When I've posted articles
in recent years, I've done so by editing the main page already processed from
PHP into HTML, which is pretty darn messy as I'm sure you can imagine. I tend
to prioritize the distribution itself over other demands on my time - that's
clearly a lot to do with how things ended up the way they did.
So, I guess that's the report for now. Lots more work to do and not enough
time to do it in... that part I don't see changing moving forward. :)
Thanks very much again. I'll do my best to keep you all posted.
  - Pat
a/file-5.34-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
a/kernel-firmware-20180727_b01151b-noarch-1.txz:  Upgraded.
a/kernel-generic-4.14.58-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
a/kernel-huge-4.14.58-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
a/kernel-modules-4.14.58-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/gcc-8.2.0-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/gcc-brig-8.2.0-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/gcc-g++-8.2.0-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/gcc-gfortran-8.2.0-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/gcc-gnat-8.2.0-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/gcc-go-8.2.0-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/gcc-objc-8.2.0-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/kernel-headers-4.14.58-x86-1.txz:  Upgraded.
d/libtool-2.4.6-x86_64-9.txz:  Rebuilt.
  Recompiled to update embedded GCC version number.
k/kernel-source-4.14.58-noarch-1.txz:  Upgraded.
   CRASH_DUMP n -> y
   KEXEC n -> y
  +KEXEC_JUMP y
  +PROC_VMCORE y
l/babl-0.1.54-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
l/gegl-0.4.6-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
l/libart_lgpl-2.3.21-x86_64-2.txz:  Removed.
  This actually hasn't been needed by any Slackware package since koffice in
  KDE3, and this particular version won't work with the Trinity Desktop
  Environment, which is essentially a fork of KDE 3.5 updated to compile and
  run with modern libraries and development tools. I can't see much point in
  keeping it around. Thanks to _gin.
n/NetworkManager-1.12.2-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
n/dhcpcd-7.0.7-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
x/libinput-1.11.3-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
extra/tigervnc/tigervnc-1.9.0-x86_64-1.txz:  Upgraded.
isolinux/initrd.img:  Rebuilt.
kernels/*:  Upgraded.
usb-and-pxe-installers/usbboot.img:  Rebuilt.
2018-07-28 09:00:34 +02:00

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Text

Slackware initrd mini HOWTO
by Patrick Volkerding, volkerdi@slackware.com
Fri Jul 27 07:10:18 UTC 2018
This document describes how to create and install an initrd, which may be
required to use the 4.x kernel. Also see "man mkinitrd".
1. What is an initrd?
2. Why to I need an initrd?
3. How do I build the initrd?
4. Now that I've built an initrd, how do I use it?
1. What is an initrd?
Initrd stands for "initial ramdisk". An initial ramdisk is a very small
Linux filesystem that is loaded into RAM and mounted as the kernel boots,
and before the main root filesystem is mounted.
2. Why do I need an initrd?
The usual reason to use an initrd is because you need to load kernel
modules before mounting the root partition. Usually these modules are
required to support the filesystem used by the root partition (ext3, ext4,
btrfs, xfs), or perhaps the controller that the hard drive is attached
to (SCSI, RAID, etc). Essentially, there are so many different options
available in modern Linux kernels that it isn't practical to try to ship
many different kernels to try to cover everyone's needs. It's a lot more
flexible to ship a generic kernel and a set of kernel modules for it.
3. How do I build the initrd?
The easiest way to make the initrd is to use the mkinitrd script included
in Slackware's mkinitrd package. We'll walk through the process of
upgrading to the generic 4.14.58 Linux kernel using the packages
found in Slackware's slackware/a/ directory.
First, make sure the kernel, kernel modules, and mkinitrd package are
installed (the current version numbers might be a little different, so
this is just an example):
installpkg kernel-generic-4.14.58-x86_64-1.txz
installpkg kernel-modules-4.14.58-x86_64-1.txz
installpkg mkinitrd-1.4.11-x86_64-8.txz
Change into the /boot directory:
cd /boot
Now you'll want to run "mkinitrd". I'm using ext4 for my root filesystem,
and since the disk controller requires no special support the ext4 module
will be the only one I need to load:
mkinitrd -c -k 4.14.58 -m ext4
This should do two things. First, it will create a directory
/boot/initrd-tree containing the initrd's filesystem. Then it will
create an initrd (/boot/initrd.gz) from this tree. If you wanted to,
you could make some additional changes in /boot/initrd-tree/ and
then run mkinitrd again without options to rebuild the image. That's
optional, though, and only advanced users will need to think about that.
Here's another example: Build an initrd image using Linux 4.14.58
kernel modules for a system with an ext4 root partition on /dev/sdb3:
mkinitrd -c -k 4.14.58 -m ext4 -f ext4 -r /dev/sdb3
4. Now that I've built an initrd, how do I use it?
Now that you've got an initrd (/boot/initrd.gz), you'll want to load
it along with the kernel at boot time. If you use LILO for your boot
loader you'll need to edit /etc/lilo.conf and add a line to load the
initrd. Here's an example section of lilo.conf showing how this is
done:
# Linux bootable partition config begins
image = /boot/vmlinuz-generic
initrd = /boot/initrd.gz
root = /dev/sda6
label = Slackware
read-only
# Linux bootable partition config ends
The initrd is loaded by the "initrd = /boot/initrd.gz" line.
Just add the line right below the line for the kernel image you use.
Save the file, and then run LILO again ('lilo' at the command line).
You'll need to run lilo every time you edit lilo.conf or rebuild the
initrd.
Other bootloaders such as syslinux also support the use of an initrd.
See the documentation for those programs for details on using an
initrd with them.
---------
Have fun!