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Mon Apr 25 13:37:00 UTC 2011 Slackware 13.37 x86_64 stable is released! Thanks to everyone who pitched in on this release: the Slackware team, the folks producing upstream code, and linuxquestions.org for providing a great forum for collaboration and testing. The ISOs are off to be replicated, a 6 CD-ROM 32-bit set and a dual-sided 32-bit/64-bit x86/x86_64 DVD. Please consider supporting the Slackware project by picking up a copy from store.slackware.com. We're taking pre-orders now, and offer a discount if you sign up for a subscription. As always, thanks to the Slackware community for testing, suggestions, and feedback. :-) Have fun!
202 lines
7 KiB
HTML
202 lines
7 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
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<title>xdm</title>
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<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" />
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<link rel="HOME" title="Slackware Linux Essentials" href="index.html" />
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<link rel="UP" title="X Configuration" href="x-window-system.html" />
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<link rel="PREVIOUS" title="xwmconfig" href="x-window-system-xwmconfig.html" />
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<link rel="NEXT" title="Booting" href="booting.html" />
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<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" />
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
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</head>
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<body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084"
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alink="#0000FF">
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<div class="NAVHEADER">
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<table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"
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cellspacing="0">
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<tr>
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<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="x-window-system-xwmconfig.html"
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accesskey="P">Prev</a></td>
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<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 6 X Configuration</td>
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<td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="booting.html"
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accesskey="N">Next</a></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" />
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</div>
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<div class="SECT1">
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<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="X-WINDOW-SYSTEM-XDM" name="X-WINDOW-SYSTEM-XDM">6.5 <tt
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class="COMMAND">xdm</tt></a></h1>
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<p>As Linux becomes more and more useful as a desktop operating system, many users find
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it desirable for the machine to boot straight into a graphical environment. For this, you
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will need to tell Slackware to boot straight into X, and assign a graphical login
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manager. Slackware ships with three graphical login tools, <tt
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class="COMMAND">xdm</tt>(1), <tt class="COMMAND">kdm</tt>, and <tt
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class="COMMAND">gdm</tt>(1).</p>
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<p><tt class="COMMAND">xdm</tt> is the graphical login manager shipped with the X.org
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system. It's ubiquitous, but not as fully features as alternatives. <tt
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class="COMMAND">kdm</tt> is the graphical login manager shipped with KDE, The K Desktop
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Environment. Finally, <tt class="COMMAND">gdm</tt> is the login manager shipped with
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GNOME. Any of the choices will allow you to log in as any user, and choose what desktop
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you wish to use.</p>
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<p>Unfortunately, Slackware doesn't include a nice program like <tt
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class="COMMAND">xwmconfig</tt> for choosing what login manager to use, so if all three
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are installed you may have to do some editing to choose your preference. But first, we'll
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discuss how to boot into a graphical environment.</p>
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<p>In order to start X at boot, you need to boot into run-level 4. Run-levels are just a
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way of telling <tt class="COMMAND">init</tt>(8) to do something different when it starts
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the OS. We do this by editing the config file for <tt class="COMMAND">init</tt>, <tt
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class="FILENAME">/etc/inittab</tt>.</p>
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<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
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<tr>
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<td>
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<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
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# These are the default runlevels in Slackware:
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# 0 = halt
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# 1 = single user mode
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# 2 = unused (but configured the same as runlevel 3)
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# 3 = multiuser mode (default Slackware runlevel)
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# 4 = X11 with KDM/GDM/XDM (session managers)
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# 5 = unused (but configured the same as runlevel 3)
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# 6 = reboot
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# Default runlevel. (Do not set to 0 or 6)
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id:3:initdefault:
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>In order to make Slackware boot to a graphical environment, we just change the 3 to a
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4.</p>
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<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
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<tr>
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<td>
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<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
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# Default runlevel. (Do not set to 0 or 6)
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id:4:initdefault:
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>Now Slackware will boot into runlevel 4 and execute <tt
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class="FILENAME">/etc/rc.d/rc.4</tt>. This file starts up X and calls whatever login
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manager you've chosen. So, how do we choose login managers? There are a few ways to do
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this, and I'll explain them after we look at <tt class="FILENAME">rc.4</tt>.</p>
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<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
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<tr>
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<td>
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<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
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# Try to use GNOME's gdm session manager:
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if [ -x /usr/bin/gdm ]; then
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exec /usr/bin/gdm -nodaemon
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fi
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# Not there? OK, try to use KDE's kdm session manager:
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if [ -x /opt/kde/bin/kdm ]; then
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exec /opt/kde/bin/kdm -nodaemon
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fi
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# If all you have is XDM, I guess it will have to do:
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if [ -x /usr/X11R6/bin/xdm ]; then
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exec /usr/X11R6/bin/xdm -nodaemon
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fi
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>As you can see here, <tt class="FILENAME">rc.4</tt> first checks to see if <tt
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class="COMMAND">gdm</tt> is executable, and if so runs it. Second on the list is <tt
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class="COMMAND">kdm</tt>, and finally <tt class="COMMAND">xdm</tt>. One way of choosing a
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login manager is to simply remove the ones you don't wish to use using <tt
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class="COMMAND">removepkg</tt>. You can find out more about <tt
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class="COMMAND">removepkg</tt> in <a href="package-management.html">Chapter 18</a>.</p>
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<p>Optionally, you can remove the executable permission from those files that you don't
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want to use. We discuss <tt class="COMMAND">chmod</tt> in <a
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href="filesystem-structure.html">Chapter 9</a>.</p>
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<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
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<tr>
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<td>
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<pre class="SCREEN">
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<samp class="PROMPT">#</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">chmod -x /usr/bin/gdm</kbd>
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>Finally, you can just comment out the lines for the login manager you don't want to
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use.</p>
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<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%">
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<tr>
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<td>
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<pre class="PROGRAMLISTING">
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# Try to use GNOME's gdm session manager:
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# if [ -x /usr/bin/gdm ]; then
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# exec /usr/bin/gdm -nodaemon
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# fi
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# Not there? OK, try to use KDE's kdm session manager:
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if [ -x /opt/kde/bin/kdm ]; then
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exec /opt/kde/bin/kdm -nodaemon
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fi
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# If all you have is XDM, I guess it will have to do:
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if [ -x /usr/X11R6/bin/xdm ]; then
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exec /usr/X11R6/bin/xdm -nodaemon
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fi
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</pre>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>Any lines preceded by the hash mark (<var class="LITERAL">#</var>) are considered
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comments and the shell silently passes them. Thus, even if <tt class="COMMAND">gdm</tt>
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is installed and executable, the shell (in this case <tt class="COMMAND">bash</tt>) won't
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bother checking for it.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="NAVFOOTER">
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<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" />
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<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0"
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cellspacing="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="x-window-system-xwmconfig.html"
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accesskey="P">Prev</a></td>
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<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html"
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accesskey="H">Home</a></td>
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<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="booting.html"
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accesskey="N">Next</a></td>
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</tr>
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|
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<tr>
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<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><tt class="COMMAND">xwmconfig</tt></td>
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<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="x-window-system.html"
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accesskey="U">Up</a></td>
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<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">Booting</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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