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Signed-off-by: bedlam <dave@slackbuilds.org> Signed-off-by: Willy Sudiarto Raharjo <willysr@slackbuilds.org>
320 lines
8.2 KiB
ReStructuredText
320 lines
8.2 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. RST source for bbf(1) man page. Convert with:
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.. rst2man.py bbf.rst > bbf.8
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.. |version| replace:: 20220524_0e90e04
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.. |date| date::
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===
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bbf
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===
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----------------
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bad block finder
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----------------
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:Manual section: 8
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:Manual group: SlackBuilds.org
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:Date: |date|
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:Version: |version|
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SYNOPSIS
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========
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bbf [*options*] *instruction* *path*
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DESCRIPTION
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===========
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**bbf** is a safer and more featureful tool for dealing with bad
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blocks on hard drives. It's built around the workflow of dealing with
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hard drive bad blocks. It has a number of features to limit risk in
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using the tool and provides features to more easily track down what
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files are affected by the bad blocks found. It also gives you the
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ability to manually mark blocks as corrupted in cases where a block
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isn't technically bad, but is causing issues.
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FEATURES
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========
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* readonly scanning of bad blocks
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* safe 'fix' mode which won't overwrite good blocks
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* burnin mode for checking new drives
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* manual marking blocks as corrupted
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* find files given list of blocks
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* dump list of files and associated block ranges
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* dump list of blocks used by a file
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* issue secure drive erasure
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* filesystem stressing
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OPTIONS
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=======
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Arguments
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---------
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-f, --force
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override checking if drive is in use when trying to perform destructive actions
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-t, --rwtype *os|ata*
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select between OS or ATA reads and writes (default: os)
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-q, --quiet
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redirects stdout to /dev/null or otherwise limits output
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-s, --start-block *lba*
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block to start from (default: 0)
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-e, --end-block *lba*
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block to stop at (default: last block)
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-S, --stepping *n*
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number of logical blocks to read at a time (default: physical / logical)
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-o, --output *file*
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file to write bad block list to (default: $HOME/badblocks.*captcha*)
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-i, --input *file*
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file to read bad block list from (default: $HOME/badblocks.*captcha*)
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-r, --retries *count*
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number of retries on certain reads & writes
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-c, --captcha *captcha*
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needed when performing destructive operations
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-M, --maxerrors *n*
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max r/w errors before exiting (default: 1024)
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Instructions
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------------
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**info**
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*path* is a block device. Prints out details about the block device.
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**captcha**
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*path* is a block device. Prints out captcha needed for certain instructions.
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**scan**
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*path* is a block device. A read-only scan of the block device for
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bad blocks. *rwtype=ata* will be slower but may catch more.
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Relevant options: rwtype, start block, end block, stepping, max errors, input file, output file.
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**fix**
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*path* is a block device. Writes to bad blocks in an attempt to
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force the drive to reallocate the block. Attempts to read the block
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first and will write the read data if successful otherwise it will
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write zeros. This means it is pretty safe to use even if the blocks
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'fixed' aren't in fact damaged.
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*rwtype=ata* will work better.
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Requires captcha.
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Relevant options: captcha, rwtype, force, input file.
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**fix-file**
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*path* is a file. Gets the list of blocks that a file uses and then
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goes through each block reading what is there and then writing it
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back which will force reallocation if a block is bad.
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*rwtype=ata* will work better.
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Requires captcha.
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Relevant options: captcha, rwtype, retries.
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**burnin**
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*path* is a block device. Iterates through the blocks of the device performing the following:
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1) Read block data (zero out on failure)
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2) Write 0x00's and read back to confirm data integrity.
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3) Write 0x55's and read back to confirm data integrity.
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4) Write 0xAA's and read back to confirm data integrity.
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5) Write 0xFF's and read back to confirm data integrity.
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6) Write back originally read data.
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Requires captcha.
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Relevant options: rwtype, start block, end block, stepping, max
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errors, retries, input file, output file.
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**fsthrash**
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*path* is a directory. Spawns a number of threads to hammer the
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filesystem using a number of functions to stress the filesystem and
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underlying device. Functions include: create, open, mkdir, unlink,
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rmdir, write, read, close, readdir, stat, chmod, chown, link,
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symlink. Cleans up after itself on exit but does consume storage and
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inodes as it runs.
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Use *--quiet* to keep it from printing out what it is doing and improve performance.
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**filethrash**
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*path* is a non-existent file. Creates a file, expands it to fill
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up the rest of the filesystem, and spawns a thread per core which
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writes 1MB blocks to the file at random offsets to stress the
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filesystem and unerlying device.
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**find-files**
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*path* is a filesystem mount point. Attempts to find the
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files associated with any blocks listed in the bad block input
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file. Useful after running *scan* to find the files with bad blocks.
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Relevant options: input file.
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**dump-files**
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*path* is a filesystem. Scans the filesystem and dumps a list of the files with the blocks on the device it occupies.
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**file-blocks**
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*path* is an existing file. Prints out a list of all logical blocks the file uses.
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**write-pseudo-uncorrectable-wl**
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**write-pseudo-uncorrectable-wol**
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**write-flagged-uncorrectable-wl**
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**write-flagged-uncorrectable-wol**
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*path* is a block device. Marks blocks listed in the bad block input
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file as 'pseudo' or 'flagged' uncorrectable. Blocks marked 'pseudo',
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when read, cause the drive to perform normal error recovery and
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return errors if necessary. Blocks marked 'flagged', when read,
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will simply return errors indicating it is bad. 'wl' means 'with
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logging' and if read will result in failed reads being stored in
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SMART logs. 'wol' means 'without logging' and will not log any read
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failures in the SMART log.
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Relevant options: input file.
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**security-erase**
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*path* is a block device. Issues an ATA Security Erase command to
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the device. What this means specifically is device specific but
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generally it is supposed to be like a low-level format. Use with
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care.
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Requires captcha.
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Relevant options: captcha.
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**enhanced-security-erase**
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Theoretically a more thorough version of the standard ATA Security
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Erase command. Similarly its function depends on the device and may
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be the same as the regular security erase.
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Requires captcha.
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Relevant options: captcha.
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EXAMPLES
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========
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| # bbf info /dev/sdb
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| /dev/sdi:
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| - serial_number: XXXXXXXX
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| - firmware_revision: SC61
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| - model_number: ST8000VN0022-2EL112
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| - RPM: 7200
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| - features:
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| - form_factor: 3.5"
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| - write_uncorrectable: 1
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| - smart_supported: 1
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| - smart_enabled: 1
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| - security_supported: 1
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| - security_enabled: 0
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| - security_locked: 0
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| - security_frozen: 0
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| - security_count_expired: 0
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| - security_enhanced_erase_supported: 1
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| - security_normal_erase_time: 698
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| - security_enhanced_erase_time: 698
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| - block_erase: 0
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| - overwrite: 1
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| - crypto_scramble: 0
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| - sanitize: 1
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| - supports_sata_gen1: 1
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| - supports_sata_gen2: 1
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| - supports_sata_gen3: 1
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| - trim_supported: 0
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| - block_size:
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| - physical: 4096
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| - logical: 512
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| - stepping: 8
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| - block_count:
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| - physical: 1953506646
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| - logical: 15628053168
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| - size:
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| - bytes: 8001563222016
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| - human:
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| - base2: 7.28TB
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| - base10: 8.00TiB
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| # bbf -S 256 -t ata scan /dev/sdb
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| start block: 0
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| end block: 15628053168
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| stepping: 256
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| logical block size: 512
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| physical block size: 4096
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| read size: 131072
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| Scanning: 0 - 15628053168
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| Current: 2425512192 (15.52%); bps: 179384.74; eta: 20:26:39; bad: 0
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| # bbf captcha /dev/sdb
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| Z8400VR0
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| # bbf -i ~/badblocks.Z8400VR0 -c Z8400VR0 fix /dev/sdb
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| # bbf -q fsthrash /mnt/mydrive0
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| CTRL-C to exit...
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| ^CCleaning up...
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| # bbf filethrash /mnt/mydrive0/test
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| Creating file: /mnt/mydrive0/test
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| Expanding file to fill drive: 200209731584 bytes
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| Spawning thrashing threads: 4 (one per core)
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| CTRL-C to exit...
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COPYRIGHT
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=========
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See the file /usr/doc/bbf-|version|/LICENSE for license information.
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AUTHORS
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=======
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**bbf** was written by Antonio SJ Musumeci <trapexit@spawn.link>.
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This man page created for the SlackBuilds.org project by
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B. Watson. Since it's just copy/pasted from README.md, the man page is
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licensed the same as **bbf** itself.
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SEE ALSO
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========
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**badblocks**\(8), **smartctl**\(8), **fsck**\(8)
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The **bbf** homepage: https://github.com/trapexit/bbf
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