diff --git a/src/handlers.rs b/src/handlers.rs
index ae59958..de30c18 100644
--- a/src/handlers.rs
+++ b/src/handlers.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
+pub mod xwayland;
+
 use std::time::Duration;
 
 use smithay::{
diff --git a/src/handlers/xwayland.rs b/src/handlers/xwayland.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5be0b9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/handlers/xwayland.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+use smithay::xwayland::XwmHandler;
+
+use crate::{backend::Backend, state::CalloopData};
+
+impl<B: Backend> XwmHandler for CalloopData<B> {
+    fn xwm_state(&mut self, xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId) -> &mut smithay::xwayland::X11Wm {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn new_window(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn new_override_redirect_window(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn map_window_request(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn mapped_override_redirect_window(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn unmapped_window(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn destroyed_window(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn configure_request(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+        x: Option<i32>,
+        y: Option<i32>,
+        w: Option<u32>,
+        h: Option<u32>,
+        reorder: Option<smithay::xwayland::xwm::Reorder>,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn configure_notify(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+        geometry: smithay::utils::Rectangle<i32, smithay::utils::Logical>,
+        above: Option<smithay::reexports::x11rb::protocol::xproto::Window>,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn resize_request(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+        button: u32,
+        resize_edge: smithay::xwayland::xwm::ResizeEdge,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    fn move_request(
+        &mut self,
+        xwm: smithay::xwayland::xwm::XwmId,
+        window: smithay::xwayland::X11Surface,
+        button: u32,
+    ) {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/state.rs b/src/state.rs
index ad31b41..4d945a8 100644
--- a/src/state.rs
+++ b/src/state.rs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use std::{
     path::Path,
     process::Stdio,
     sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+    time::Duration,
 };
 
 use crate::{
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ use crate::{
         msg::{Args, CallbackId, Msg, OutgoingMsg, Request, RequestId, RequestResponse},
         PinnacleSocketSource,
     },
+    cursor::Cursor,
     focus::FocusState,
     grab::resize_grab::ResizeSurfaceState,
     tag::Tag,
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ use smithay::{
             Display,
         },
     },
-    utils::{Clock, Logical, Monotonic, Point},
+    utils::{Clock, Logical, Monotonic, Point, Size},
     wayland::{
         compositor::{self, CompositorClientState, CompositorState},
         data_device::DataDeviceState,
@@ -56,6 +58,7 @@ use smithay::{
         socket::ListeningSocketSource,
         viewporter::ViewporterState,
     },
+    xwayland::{X11Wm, XWayland, XWaylandEvent},
 };
 
 use crate::{backend::Backend, input::InputState};
@@ -97,6 +100,10 @@ pub struct State<B: Backend> {
     // TODO: move into own struct
     // |     basically just clean this mess up
     pub output_callback_ids: Vec<CallbackId>,
+
+    pub xwayland: XWayland,
+    pub xwm: Option<X11Wm>,
+    pub xdisplay: Option<u32>,
 }
 
 impl<B: Backend> State<B> {
@@ -794,9 +801,48 @@ impl<B: Backend> State<B> {
                     Event::Msg(msg) => data.state.handle_msg(msg),
                     Event::Closed => todo!(),
                 })
-                .unwrap(); // TODO: unwrap
+                .expect("failed to insert rx_channel into loop");
         });
 
+        let xwayland = {
+            let (xwayland, channel) = XWayland::new(&display_handle);
+            let clone = display_handle.clone();
+            let res =
+                loop_handle.insert_source(channel, move |event, _metadata, data| match event {
+                    XWaylandEvent::Ready {
+                        connection,
+                        client,
+                        client_fd: _,
+                        display,
+                    } => {
+                        let mut wm = X11Wm::start_wm(
+                            data.state.loop_handle.clone(),
+                            clone.clone(),
+                            connection,
+                            client,
+                        )
+                        .expect("failed to attach x11wm");
+                        let cursor = Cursor::load();
+                        let image = cursor.get_image(1, Duration::ZERO);
+                        wm.set_cursor(
+                            &image.pixels_rgba,
+                            Size::from((image.width as u16, image.height as u16)),
+                            Point::from((image.xhot as u16, image.yhot as u16)),
+                        )
+                        .expect("failed to set xwayland default cursor");
+                        data.state.xwm = Some(wm);
+                        data.state.xdisplay = Some(display);
+                    }
+                    XWaylandEvent::Exited => {
+                        data.state.xwm.take();
+                    }
+                });
+            if let Err(err) = res {
+                tracing::error!("Failed to insert XWayland source into loop: {err}");
+            }
+            xwayland
+        };
+
         Ok(Self {
             backend_data,
             loop_signal,
@@ -830,6 +876,10 @@ impl<B: Backend> State<B> {
 
             windows: vec![],
             output_callback_ids: vec![],
+
+            xwayland,
+            xwm: None,
+            xdisplay: None,
         })
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/window.rs b/src/window.rs
index bbb5c84..9b70d37 100644
--- a/src/window.rs
+++ b/src/window.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,31 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
 
-use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU32;
+use std::{cell::RefCell, sync::atomic::AtomicU32, time::Duration};
 
 use smithay::{
-    desktop::Window,
+    desktop::{
+        utils::{
+            send_dmabuf_feedback_surface_tree, send_frames_surface_tree,
+            take_presentation_feedback_surface_tree, with_surfaces_surface_tree,
+            OutputPresentationFeedback,
+        },
+        Window, WindowSurfaceType,
+    },
+    output::Output,
     reexports::{
-        wayland_protocols::xdg::shell::server::xdg_toplevel,
+        wayland_protocols::{
+            wp::presentation_time::server::wp_presentation_feedback,
+            xdg::shell::server::xdg_toplevel,
+        },
         wayland_server::protocol::wl_surface::WlSurface,
     },
+    utils::{user_data::UserDataMap, IsAlive, Logical, Point},
     wayland::{
-        compositor::{Blocker, BlockerState},
+        compositor::{Blocker, BlockerState, SurfaceData},
+        dmabuf::DmabufFeedback,
         seat::WaylandFocus,
     },
+    xwayland::X11Surface,
 };
 
 use crate::{
@@ -19,10 +33,170 @@ use crate::{
     state::{State, WithState},
 };
 
-use self::window_state::Float;
+use self::window_state::{Float, WindowState};
 
 pub mod window_state;
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum WindowElement {
+    Wayland(Window),
+    X11(X11Surface),
+}
+
+impl WindowElement {
+    pub fn surface_under(
+        &self,
+        location: Point<i32, Logical>,
+        window_type: WindowSurfaceType,
+    ) -> Option<(WlSurface, Point<i32, Logical>)> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_surfaces<F>(&self, processor: F)
+    where
+        F: FnMut(&WlSurface, &SurfaceData) + Copy,
+    {
+        match self {
+            WindowElement::Wayland(window) => window.with_surfaces(processor),
+            WindowElement::X11(surface) => {
+                if let Some(surface) = surface.wl_surface() {
+                    with_surfaces_surface_tree(&surface, processor);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn send_frame<T, F>(
+        &self,
+        output: &Output,
+        time: T,
+        throttle: Option<Duration>,
+        primary_scan_out_output: F,
+    ) where
+        T: Into<Duration>,
+        F: FnMut(&WlSurface, &SurfaceData) -> Option<Output> + Copy,
+    {
+        match self {
+            WindowElement::Wayland(window) => {
+                window.send_frame(output, time, throttle, primary_scan_out_output)
+            }
+            WindowElement::X11(surface) => {
+                if let Some(surface) = surface.wl_surface() {
+                    send_frames_surface_tree(
+                        &surface,
+                        output,
+                        time,
+                        throttle,
+                        primary_scan_out_output,
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn send_dmabuf_feedback<'a, P, F>(
+        &self,
+        output: &Output,
+        primary_scan_out_output: P,
+        select_dmabuf_feedback: F,
+    ) where
+        P: FnMut(&WlSurface, &SurfaceData) -> Option<Output> + Copy,
+        F: Fn(&WlSurface, &SurfaceData) -> &'a DmabufFeedback + Copy,
+    {
+        match self {
+            WindowElement::Wayland(window) => {
+                window.send_dmabuf_feedback(
+                    output,
+                    primary_scan_out_output,
+                    select_dmabuf_feedback,
+                );
+            }
+            WindowElement::X11(surface) => {
+                if let Some(surface) = surface.wl_surface() {
+                    send_dmabuf_feedback_surface_tree(
+                        &surface,
+                        output,
+                        primary_scan_out_output,
+                        select_dmabuf_feedback,
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn take_presentation_feedback<F1, F2>(
+        &self,
+        output_feedback: &mut OutputPresentationFeedback,
+        primary_scan_out_output: F1,
+        presentation_feedback_flags: F2,
+    ) where
+        F1: FnMut(&WlSurface, &SurfaceData) -> Option<Output> + Copy,
+        F2: FnMut(&WlSurface, &SurfaceData) -> wp_presentation_feedback::Kind + Copy,
+    {
+        match self {
+            WindowElement::Wayland(window) => {
+                window.take_presentation_feedback(
+                    output_feedback,
+                    primary_scan_out_output,
+                    presentation_feedback_flags,
+                );
+            }
+            WindowElement::X11(surface) => {
+                if let Some(surface) = surface.wl_surface() {
+                    take_presentation_feedback_surface_tree(
+                        &surface,
+                        output_feedback,
+                        primary_scan_out_output,
+                        presentation_feedback_flags,
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn wl_surface(&self) -> Option<WlSurface> {
+        match self {
+            WindowElement::Wayland(window) => window.wl_surface(),
+            WindowElement::X11(surface) => surface.wl_surface(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn user_data(&self) -> &UserDataMap {
+        match self {
+            WindowElement::Wayland(window) => window.user_data(),
+            WindowElement::X11(surface) => surface.user_data(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl IsAlive for WindowElement {
+    fn alive(&self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            WindowElement::Wayland(window) => window.alive(),
+            WindowElement::X11(surface) => surface.alive(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl WithState for WindowElement {
+    type State = WindowState;
+
+    fn with_state<F, T>(&self, mut func: F) -> T
+    where
+        F: FnMut(&mut Self::State) -> T,
+    {
+        self.user_data()
+            .insert_if_missing(RefCell::<Self::State>::default);
+
+        let state = self
+            .user_data()
+            .get::<RefCell<Self::State>>()
+            .expect("RefCell not in data map");
+
+        func(&mut state.borrow_mut())
+    }
+}
+
 impl<B: Backend> State<B> {
     /// Returns the [Window] associated with a given [WlSurface].
     pub fn window_for_surface(&self, surface: &WlSurface) -> Option<Window> {