frustration/frustration.rs

use std::cmp;
use std::io;
use std::process;
use std::convert::TryInto;

//const CORE_SIZE: usize = 65280
const CORE_SIZE: usize = 192;

#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
enum State {
    Compiling,
    Interpreting
}

#[derive(Debug)]
struct Core {
    ram: [u8; CORE_SIZE],
    ip: u16,
    dp: u16,  // newest link field, or 0
    here: u16, // first unused byte
    state: State,
    dstack: [u16; 64],
    tds: usize,  // post-incremented; exceeds top by one
    rstack: [u16; 64],
    trs: usize,  // post-incremented; exceeds top by one
}

type Primitive = fn(&mut Core);

struct ShortName {
    bytes: [u8; 3],
    length: u8
}

fn truncate_name(name: &str) -> ShortName {
    let name_bytes = name.as_bytes();
    let mut out = ShortName {
        bytes: [32, 32, 32],
        length: std::cmp::min(3, name_bytes.len()) as u8 };
    out.bytes[0..out.length as usize].copy_from_slice(&name_bytes[0..out.length as usize]);
    return out;
}

struct TableEntry {
    f: Primitive,
    name: ShortName,
    dict: bool,
    immediate: bool
}

// NOTE: lazy_static or SyncLazy would allow nicer init
const PRIMITIVES: [TableEntry; 12] = [
    TableEntry {f: ret     , name: ShortName {bytes: *b"ret", length: 3}, dict: false, immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: lit     , name: ShortName {bytes: *b"lit", length: 3}, dict: false, immediate: false},    
    TableEntry {f: dot     , name: ShortName {bytes: *b".  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: comma_  , name: ShortName {bytes: *b",  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: store   , name: ShortName {bytes: *b"!  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: load    , name: ShortName {bytes: *b"@  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: add     , name: ShortName {bytes: *b"+  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: sub     , name: ShortName {bytes: *b"-  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: mul     , name: ShortName {bytes: *b"*  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: div     , name: ShortName {bytes: *b"/  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false},
    TableEntry {f: lbracket, name: ShortName {bytes: *b"[  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: true},
    TableEntry {f: rbracket, name: ShortName {bytes: *b"]  ", length: 1}, dict: true,  immediate: false}
];

fn new_core() -> Core {
    let mut c = Core {
        ram: [0; CORE_SIZE], ip: 0, dp: 0, here: 2, state: State::Interpreting,
        dstack: [0; 64], tds: 0,
        rstack: [0; 64], trs: 0 };
    init_dictionary(&mut c);
    return c;
}

fn create(c: &mut Core, name: ShortName) {
    let addr: usize = c.here as usize;
    c.ram[addr+0..=addr+1].copy_from_slice(&c.dp.to_le_bytes());
    c.dp = addr as u16;
    c.ram[addr+2] = name.length & 0x7f;
    c.ram[addr+3..=addr+5].copy_from_slice(&name.bytes);
    c.here = (addr+6) as u16;
}

fn smudge(c: &mut Core) {
    c.ram[(c.dp as usize) + 2] ^= 0x40;
}

fn immediate(c: &mut Core) {
    c.ram[(c.dp as usize) + 2] ^= 0x80;
}

fn is_immediate(c: &mut Core, addr: u16) -> bool {
    return (c.ram[(addr as usize) - 4] & 0x80) != 0;
}

fn lbracket(c: &mut Core) {
    c.state = State::Interpreting;
}

fn rbracket(c: &mut Core) {
    c.state = State::Compiling;
}

fn find(c: &mut Core, name: ShortName) -> Option<u16> {
    let mut addr = c.dp as usize;
    while addr != 0 {
        if (c.ram[addr+2] & 0x7f) == name.length {
            if c.ram[addr+3..=addr+5] == name.bytes {
                return Some((addr+6) as u16);
            }
        }
        addr = u16::from_le_bytes(c.ram[addr..=addr+1].try_into().unwrap()) as usize;
    }
    return None;
}

fn init_dictionary(c: &mut Core) {
    let mut opcode = 65535;
    for p in PRIMITIVES {
        if p.dict {
            create(c, p.name);
            if p.immediate {
                immediate(c);
            }
            comma(c, opcode);
            comma(c, 65535); // ret
        }
        opcode -= 1;
    }
}

fn push(c: &mut Core, val: u16) {
    c.dstack[c.tds] = val;
    c.tds += 1;
}

fn pop(c: &mut Core) -> u16 {
    c.tds -= 1;
    return c.dstack[c.tds];
}

fn to_r(c: &mut Core, val: u16) {
    c.rstack[c.trs] = val;
    c.trs += 1;
}

fn from_r(c: &mut Core) -> u16 {
    c.trs -= 1;
    return c.rstack[c.trs];
}

fn fetch(c: &mut Core) -> u16 {
    let ip = c.ip as usize;
    let opcode = u16::from_le_bytes(c.ram[ip..=ip+1].try_into().unwrap());
    c.ip += 2;
    return opcode;
}

fn execute(c: &mut Core, opcode: u16) {
    let primitive_index = (65535 - opcode) as usize;
    if primitive_index < PRIMITIVES.len() {
        (PRIMITIVES[primitive_index].f)(c);
    } else {
        // call
        to_r(c, c.ip);
        c.ip = opcode;
    }
}

fn step(c: &mut Core) {
    let opcode = fetch(c);
    execute(c, opcode);
}

fn inner(c: &mut Core) {
    loop {
        step(c);
        println!("ip={} trs={}", c.ip, c.trs);
        if c.trs == 0 {
            break;
        }
    }
}

// note: this is an inline primitive, not a dict entry
fn ret(c: &mut Core) {
    if c.trs == 0 {
        std::process::exit(0);
    }
    c.ip = from_r(c);
}

fn dot(c: &mut Core) {
    print!("{} ", pop(c));
}

fn comma(c: &mut Core, val: u16) {
    let addr = c.here as usize;
    c.ram[addr..=addr+1].copy_from_slice(&val.to_le_bytes());
    c.here += 2;
}

fn comma_(c: &mut Core) {
    let val = pop(c);
    comma(c, val);
}

fn store(c: &mut Core) {
    let addr = pop(c) as usize;
    let val = pop(c);
    c.ram[addr..=addr+1].copy_from_slice(&val.to_le_bytes());
}

fn load(c: &mut Core) {
    let addr = pop(c) as usize;
    push(c, u16::from_le_bytes(c.ram[addr..=addr+1].try_into().unwrap()));
}

// note: this is an inline primitive, not a dict entry
fn lit(c: &mut Core) {
    let ip = c.ip as usize;
    push(c, u16::from_le_bytes(c.ram[ip..=ip+1].try_into().unwrap()));
    c.ip += 2;
}

fn add(c: &mut Core) {
    let v1 = pop(c);
    let v2 = pop(c);
    push(c, v1 + v2);
}

fn sub(c: &mut Core) {
    let v1 = pop(c);
    let v2 = pop(c);
    push(c, v2 - v1);
}

fn mul(c: &mut Core) {
    let v1 = pop(c);
    let v2 = pop(c);
    push(c, v1 * v2);
}

fn div(c: &mut Core) {
    let v1 = pop(c);
    let v2 = pop(c);
    push(c, v2 / v1);
}

fn outer(c: &mut Core, s: &str) {
    let ss = s.trim();
    let tokens = ss.split(" ");
    for t in tokens {
        match t {
            "s" => {
                step(c);
            },
            "g" => {
                c.ip = 0;
                inner(c);
            },
            "dmp" => {
                println!("{:?}", c);
            },
            _ => {
                match find(c, truncate_name(t)) {
                    Some(addr) => {
                        if c.state == State::Interpreting || is_immediate(c, addr) {
                            c.ip = addr;
                            inner(c);
                        } else {
                            comma(c, addr);
                        }
                    }
                    None => {
                        let val = t.parse::<u16>();
                        match val {
                            Ok(n) => {
                                match(c.state) {
                                    State::Interpreting => { push(c, n) }
                                    State::Compiling => {
                                        comma(c, 65534); // lit
                                        comma(c, n);
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                            Err(_) => { if t != "" { println!("{}?", t) }}
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

fn main() {
    let mut c = new_core();
    loop {
        let mut buf = String::new();
        match io::stdin().read_line(&mut buf) {
            Ok(_) => { outer(&mut c, &buf); println!(" ok");}
            Err(_) => { break; }
        }
    }
    //push(&mut c, 56); push(&mut c, 9); mul(&mut c); dot(&mut c);
    //let v = pop(&mut c); call(&mut c, v);
    //println!("{:?}", c);
}