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34 lines
1.8 KiB
Text
34 lines
1.8 KiB
Text
The ti(Standard Template Library) (i(STL)) is a general purpose library
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consisting of containers, generic algorithms, iterators, function objects,
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allocators, adaptors and data structures. The data structures used by the
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algorithms are em(abstract) in the sense that the algorithms can be used with
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(practically) any data type.
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The algorithms can process these abstract data types because
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they are emi(template) based. This chapter does not cover
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template em(construction) (but see chapter ref(TEMPLATES) for that). Rather,
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it focuses on the em(use) of the algorithms.
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Several elements also used by the standard template library have already been
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discussed in the annotations(). In chapter ref(CONTAINERS) abstract containers
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were discussed, and in section ref(FUNOBJ) function objects were introduced.
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Also, em(iterators) were mentioned at several places in this document.
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The main components of the STL will be covered in this and the next
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chapter. Iterators, adaptors, smart pointers, multi threading and other
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features of the STL will be discussed in coming sections. Generic
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algorithms are covered in the next chapter (ref(GENERIC)).
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em(Allocators) take care of the memory allocation within the
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STL. The default i(allocator class) suffices for most applications, and is
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not further discussed in the annotations().
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All elements of the STL hi(standard namespace: and STL) are defined in the
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standard namespace. Therefore, a tt(using namespace std) or a comparable
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directive is required unless it is preferred to specify the required namespace
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explicitly. In header files the tt(std) namespace should explicitly
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be used (cf. section ref(NAMESPACEHDR)).
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In this chapter the empty i(angle bracket notation) is frequently used. In
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code a typename must be supplied between the angle brackets. E.g., tt(plus<>)
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is used in the annotations(), but in code tt(plus<string>) may be encountered.
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