TheAlgorithms-Ruby/data_structures/arrays/3sum.rb

88 lines
2.2 KiB
Ruby

# Given an integer array nums, return all the triplets [nums[i], nums[j], nums[k]] ..
# .. such that i != j, i != k, and j != k, and nums[i] + nums[j] + nums[k] == 0.
# Notice that the solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.
# Example 1:
# Input: nums = [-1,0,1,2,-1,-4]
# Output: [[-1,-1,2],[-1,0,1]]
# Example 2:
# Input: nums = []
# Output: []
# Example 3:
# Input: nums = [0]
# Output: []
# Constraints:
# 0 <= nums.length <= 3000
#-105 <= nums[i] <= 105
# Two Pointer Approach - O(n) Time / O(1) Space
# Return edge cases.
# Sort nums, and init ans array
# For each |val, index| in nums:
# if the current value is the same as last, then go to next iteration
# init left and right pointers for two pointer search of the two sum in remaining elements of array
# while left < right:
# find current sum
# if sum > 0, right -= 1
# if sum < 0, left += 1
# if it's 0, then add the values to the answer array, and set the left pointer to the next valid value ..
# .. (left += 1 while nums[left] == nums[left - 1] && left < right)
# Return ans[]
# @param {Integer[]} nums
# @return {Integer[][]}
def three_sum(nums)
# return if length too short
return [] if nums.length < 3
# sort nums, init ans array
nums = nums.sort
ans = []
# loop through nums
nums.each_with_index do |val, ind|
# if the previous value is the same as current, then skip this iteration as it would create duplicates
next if ind > 0 && nums[ind] == nums[ind - 1]
# init & run two pointer search
left = ind + 1
right = nums.length - 1
while left < right
# find current sum
sum = val + nums[left] + nums[right]
# decrease sum if it's too great, increase sum if it's too low
if sum > 0
right -= 1
elsif sum < 0
left += 1
# if it's zero, then add the answer to array and set left pointer to next valid value
else
ans << [val, nums[left], nums[right]]
left += 1
left += 1 while nums[left] == nums[left - 1] && left < right
end
end
end
# return answer
ans
end
nums = [-1, 0, 1, 2, -1, -4]
print three_sum(nums)
# Output: [[-1,-1,2],[-1,0,1]]
nums = []
print three_sum(nums)
# Output: []
nums = [0]
print three_sum(nums)
# Output: []